Anglo Saxon October

 

It's October, the month with perhaps the most evocative name in the Anglo-Saxon calendar: in Old English it was called "Winterfylleð", because the full moon of this month marked the beginning of winter.

The Venerable Bede wrote:

Antiqui Anglorum populi [...] annum totum in duo tempora, hiemis et aestatis dispertiebant, sex menses [...] aestati tribuendo, sex reliquos hiemi; unde et mensem, quo hiemalia tempora incipiebant, Ƿintirfylliþ appellabant, composito nomine ab hieme et plenilunio, quia videlicet a plenilunio ejusdem mensis hiems sortiretur initium [...] Ƿintirfylliþ potest dici compositio novo nomine hiemi plenium.

The old English people split the year into two seasons, summer and winter, placing six months — during which the days are longer than the nights — in summer, and the other six in winter. They called the month when the winter season began Wintirfylliþ, a word composed of "winter" and "full moon", because winter began on the first full moon of that month.

Tolkein borrowed "Winterfylleð" for the hobbits' calendar, where it became "winterfilth", and the hobbits joked about "winterfilth in the muddy shire".

We're hoping that this October won't be too wet and filthy!